Why Is Power Sharing Desirable Class 10 Notes

Power Sharing – Part 2

Why Power Sharing is Desirable –

• Prudential Reason: Based on careful calculations of gain. Helps to reduce the possibility of conflicts between social groups.
• Social Conflict: Leads to violence and political instability. Power sharing is a good way to ensure stability of political order.
• Attractive Option in Short Run: Imposing the will of majority community over others
• In Long Run: That option undermines the unity of the nation.

Moral Reason of Power Sharing –

• It is the very spirit of democracy.
• It signifies the value of power sharing in a society.

Examples:

• Prudential Reason: Power is shared between central and state governments so that states can manage their own problems and there are less chances of fights.
• Moral Reason: Power sharing allows people to take part in decisions, which is the real meaning of democracy.

Power sharing is necessary in democracy because people rule through self-government.

Forms of Power Sharing

Horizontal Power Sharing –

• Power is shared among different organs of the government.
• Different organs are placed at the same level.
• No organ exercises unlimited power.
• Each organ checks the others.
• This arrangement is also called a system of checks and balances.

Legislature → Executive → Judiciary

Vertical Power Sharing –

• Power is shared among different levels of the government.
• As given in Constitution:

• ▪ Union / Central Government
• ▪ State Government
• ▪ Local Government

Power Sharing Among Different Social Groups –

• Power is shared among different social groups, i.e., religious and linguistic groups.
• Community government in Belgium is a good example of this arrangement.

Power Sharing Among Political Parties, Pressure Groups, and Movements –

• Power is shared among political parties, pressure groups, and movements.
• Coalition government is an example of this arrangement.